Carolyn Keene

Carolyn Keene

Ethics At Kfc

Introduction

The word ethics is derived from the Latin language where it denotes a moral philosophy. In the English language, ethics is the study of values and customs governing a given social group. Ethics requires a differentiation between wrong and right, acknowledgment of responsibility and knowing what is good or evil. Ethical norms assist human beings in the process of judging rightful acts. Consequently, the concept can be applied in the practices and policies used by large organisations. (Walton, 1992)

The company chosen for analysis is Kentucky Fried Chicken (KFC) fast food restaurants. The company's headquarters are found at Kentucky in the US. Additionally, it is one of the most well known restaurant chains in the world especially with reference to chicken. It boasts of over eleven thousand restaurants located in over eighty countries of the world. Examples here include, UK, China, Thailand, Kuwait, Spain and Barbados, Puerto Rico, Pakistan and many more. The company's major product is chicken. These are served in various forms such a Chunky chicken hot pie, chicken fillets, chicken sandwiches among others. On top of these, the company also serves a variety of burgers and other non-chicken related foods. In total, there are three hundred products that the company offers the public. KFC is part of a global restaurant system known as Yum! This is the reason why the company normally teams up with other restaurants under the Yum! brand like Taco Bell and Pizza Hut.

Ethics at KFC

Constructive aspects of ethics at KFC

Kentucky Fried Chicken is very keen about ethical standards both within and without the company as asserted by their company representatives. For instance the company is strict about is vendor engagements. Before a supplier can secure a contract with Kentucky Fried Chicken, they have to comply to similar ethical standards as KFC. This means that the supplier must not utilise under age labour to producer their commodities, they must pay fair wages and must also avoid placing harmful chemicals in their commodities. These concepts have governed the way KFC chooses other business partners too; they include contractors and manufacturers. By doing, this, the company is protecting human rights. (Montgomery, 2003)

The company also looks out for the health and safety of their workers. Since KFC is a fast food chain, then its workers are very busy, the company's representatives affirm that they are always trying to protect their respective employees from detrimental hazards in the workplace. In line with this, KFC always ensures that their employees work for them voluntarily. This means that the company detests forced labour.  They also believe in according their employees justice in case of any eventuality. Their disciplinary measures have always been fair and few employees complain about how their administration handles such unusual occurrences. It is a known fact that some employees in the corporate world utilise mental punishment as a way of repressing their employees and keep them subservient. However, this is not the case with KFC as no cases have been reported in the media.

Kentucky Fried Chicken employment practices are also ethical. This is due to the fact that the company does not discriminate against individuals on the basis of race, gender, disability or any other factor. The company's recruitment practices largely focus on the capabilities of the potential candidate rather than on their respective race, cultural backgrounds etc. In line with these practices, the company usually offers overtime for employees who decide to work beyond the normal working hours. Besides that, the company has created shift arrangements so that it can avoid overworking employees at any given time. (Bowie & Beauchamp, 1983)

The issue of wages is also top on KFC's list. The company believes that workers should be paid according to their efforts. Consequently, there is an element of fairness when it comes to the way the company treats its employees. The company depicts this attitude in some of its restaurant outlets such as the ones here in the UK and also in Canada. The company has exceeded minimum wage by close to eight pounds per hour. Also, in the Canadian outlets, the company pays most of workers a favourable amount and has even allowed for unionisation of employees. All the latter deeds go to show that KFC is committed to providing its employees with good working conditions.

Despite the positive moves made by KFC Canada, with regard to chicken products, the company has still been grappling with controversial issues owing to their vegan burger. The company faced a lot of opposition from animal rights activists who were trying to protect the rights of chickens. Consequently, those activists suggested that KFC should provide non-chicken alternatives in their diets. KFC responded to these law suits by creating a vegan burger made of eggs. However, many consumers still complain about the ingredients in the burger and they also assert that there are problems with the way the company prepares the burger. According to some consumers, the vegan burger still has eggs and some dairy products which are still made from animals. Additionally, other people complain about the way the company places the ingredients of the vegan burger in a grill that was used to cook meat. (Montgomery, 2003)

However, it can be argued that the latter consumers have lost the point; the purpose of introducing the vegan burger was not to provide an alternative with no animal products, but it was to save the lives of the chickens that were being killed to create their meals. Consequently when the vegan burger contains some eggs, then it is still okay because there is no chicken there. Besides this, the issue of cooking its ingredients in the same grill as chicken has also generated a lot of controversy for nothing. This is because using the same grill does not in any way affect the taste or the contents of the vegan burger. As a matter of fact, the arguments made by these consumers would have been valid if the products were cooked in animal grease. Since the cooking oil is not made from animal grease, then it does not contaminate the chicken. The arguments made by such consumers could simply be a case of too much emphasis on detail.

Controversial aspects about KFC's activities

KFC ethical activities have been put to the test when some animal rights activist challenged KFC' treatment of chicken. In the month of June 2008, the People for the Ethical Treatment of Animals (PETA) together with Hollywood actress Pamela Anderson sent written complains to the KFC managing Director in the UK for unethical treatment of chicken. According to this group, Kentucky Fried Chicken is not keen on the way their suppliers treat their chicken in their farms. The group asserted that these suppliers make the chicken grow too fast thus preventing them from walking. (AOL, 2008)

The latter activists also asserted that KFC'S suppliers normally mistreat chicken in the slaughter houses. They claim that the chicken are chained by metal shackles and placed in electric water baths. These groups also complained about the way chicken are still alive during the process of de-necking them. They believed that chicken's living and dying conditions should be improved. These assertions were further justified by the latter group when they claimed that KFC Canada followed suit by changing some of their policies. According to the animal rights activists, the Canadian chain opted to consider how chickens were bred before purchasing them from suppliers. They even offered vegetarian alternatives for their respective clientele. Consequently, the celebrity Pamela Anderson- who was speaking on behalf of PETA asserted that she would stop consuming KFC ‘s products until they complies with their suggestions.

Another closely linked media report was with regard to reports made by undercover reporters working for PETA. The latter reporters had made video cameras of the way KFC treats its animals. Some of them were quite disturbing as they depict chickens being thrown against walls, being beaten and being slaughtered mercilessly. The latter group also claimed that KFC  suppliers overcrowd their chickens and make the lives of those respective animals very miserable. Some of these suppliers also engage in beak trimming; which is the process of cutting off chicken's beaks. In response to these allegations, KFC company asserted that they had formed a committee to tackle the issue of animal rights. However, this committee was not collaborating with any of the animal rights movements. Besides that, the company was also quick to reply that some of their suppliers who engage in beak trimming were only doing what normal chicken farmers are doing too. Additionally, the company claimed that their suppliers were not mistreating their animals either. (Howell, 2000)

However, ethical experts would agree that KFC has breached its own ethical policies. The company believes that all their suppliers should not engage in any sort of malpractice. Nonetheless, according to UK law, beak trimming is allowed for only thirty percent of the bird population in order to stop them from hurting one another using their beaks. It is very clear that KFC ‘s suppliers have breached this law as they trim almost all their chicken. Besides that, the suppliers have also exceeded the maximum allowable bird density for chickens as stipulated by the Department for Environment. They recommend a maximum of thirty chickens per meter squared. Again, these are all laws that have been ignored by KFC suppliers. In addition, the twelve thousand demonstrations that have been conducted against KFC's suppliers also indicate that the company is going about the issue in an unethical manner. KFC's other outlets should follow the example made by KFC Canada who only contract suppliers using controlled atmosphere killing. The outlet also looks out for the welfare of chicken in their respective farms. (AOL, 2008)

KFC has faced a lot of moral discord for their wage conditions. The latter is a characteristic that is synonymous with most fast food restaurants within the country and the rest of the world. The company has been accused of employing a substantial number of young employees who receive above minimum wage. Although the company pays its employees slightly above minimum wages, the company's huge profits are not reflected in the incentives offered to its employees. As if this is not enough, a substantial number of KFC employees have not been unionised. This gives the company undue advantage because they have the capacity to change what employees earn without getting any resentment from them. These poor employment practices have been concentrated in some particular outlets such as New Zealand and Canada. In New Zealand, the Company offered different rates for youths compared to the rest of the employee base. This caused a strike in the year 2003 after which the company agreed to reduce their levels of employee treatment. In this regard, they asserted that they would eliminate those youth rates but they never did. (The New Zealand Herald, 2005)

After examining these issues, one can assert that KFC have demonstrated unethical behaviour in some selected outlets. The company even expects its suppliers to have good working conditions but they have not managed to clean up their house in all their outlets around the world. (Cragg, 2002)

KFC has also been in the news for their poor environmental policies. According to some activists, KFC has not demonstrated good corporate responsibility because of the type of suppliers who provide them with soy. Soy is part of their chicken ingredients; a company known as Cargill supplies it. According to the environmental activists, most of this soy is sourced in an illegal manner according to large number of the reporters. Some of these claims were as a result of investigations made by the environmental group Green peace organisation. In response to these allegations, KFC asserted that they source their soy from Brazil and not from the illegal operations of Cargill. However, the environmentalists still insists that that is not the case, their soy comes from the Amazon forest and KFC is demonstrating that they are not committed towards creating sustainable environment. There is no way of knowing for sure whether these accusations are true, however, one cannot ignore the fact that the environmental group did their own investigations and found that there were some problems with the illegal logging. (Brazil Magazine, 2006)

KFC has also been accused of utilising the founder's names for a substantial number of their commodities even when the founder did not approve those commodities. KFC's founder was known as Sanders and he is one of the individuals who came up with a unique recipe for creating KFC' chicken. At that time, the founder was in charge of only a small portion of the restaurant chain. However, with time, the company began expanding and he lost ownership to other groups. The new owners have been using Sanders' name in most of their commodities even when their recipes were not created by the latter individual. It is therefore necessary for the group to come up with honest advertisements and assertions about who was the true chef behind some of their commodities. Otherwise, this is misleading advertising and marketing. They are not adhering to the ethical rules of marketing. (Howell, 2000)

Another issue that the company is currently grappling with is firmly tied to the nature of the industry that the company operates in; fast food restaurant. According to health experts and other nutritionists, the type of fats utilised when cooking foods highly affects the nutritional and health value of the food. One particular type of fat that has received so much attention from the corresponding individuals is Trans fats. Trans fats are those types of fats that are emanated from oil during the hardening process. The purpose of these trans fats is to prolong shelf life and to make commodities prepared through baking last longer. Despite these good qualities, trans fats can bring about complicated health diseases that many people in the UK are fighting, these include;

• Obesity
• Diabetes
• Coronary heart disease
• Other disorders

Consequently, companies that take their social responsibility seriously should look for cooking oil that is either very low in trans fats or has no trans fats at all. (Zwillich, 2006)If this alternative is not possible, then companies ought to tell their consumers clearly that they are using trans fats so that consumers maker conscious choices. The company under study; KFC has tried adhering to these ethical norms in some outlets but in others, the company still continues cooking its commodities with these trans fats and has not looked for alternatives. It should be noted that the UK government has been particularly interested in fighting obesity. Consequently, the government has set up some regulations that are aimed at reducing this problem. Given the interest that trans fats has generated from the public and the governor, it is KFC's duty to comply so as to demonstrate good corporate citizenry and adherence to ethical principles. The company needs to improve; the simplest way it can do this is by revealing the amount of fat contained in their products.

There is serious cause for alarm in with regard to the trans fat issue because there are hundreds of thousands of people who die annually as result of fast food related complications. Consequently, KFC is contributing towards poor health in the UK. If they are not careful, the company could keep loosing a substantial number of their consumers thus loosing business in the end. The company should realise that the western world has been taken over by the fast food culture. Individuals are so committed to their work places that they have little time to cook at home. They are therefore depending on fast food restaurants to feed them. Such an enormous responsibility for fast food restaurants comes with enormous sacrifice. KFC as one such company ought to give precedence to the health needs of their clients otherwise the company will be operating in a selfish manner. (Sternberg, 2000)

Conclusion

As a restaurant operating under the fast food industry, there are some ethical issues that come into play when considering the nature of the industry itself. This is especially since the Health Ministry in the region announced a battle against obesity. Also, KFC also has to deal with different ethical issues in their capacity as a business corporation. Any company worth its salt should have a code of ethics and must be prepared to stick by it KKC has breached a substantial number of their ethics codes. However, one must not assume that the ethical issues facing KFC are one sided. Most times, individuals tend to focus on the negative aspects of ethics and fail to look at things from another angle. The purpose of the essay was to provide an in-depth analysis of the fast food industry through two contrary ideas; the moral and legal obligations that KFC has adhered to and also the ethical misgivings that the company has engaged in too.

reference:

AOL (2008): Pamela Anderson Writes to Fast Food Chain KFC Over the Treatment of Chickens retrieved from http://www.aol.com.au/celebrity/news/index.html accessed on 14th Aug 2008

Walton, C. (1992); Corporate encounters - Ethics, law, and the business environment; Dryden Press

Sternberg, E. (2000): Ethics and virtue in the conduct of business; McGraw-Hill

Cragg, W. (2002); Business ethics and stakeholder theory; Business ethics Review, Vol. 12

Bowie, N. & Beauchamp, T. (1983); Ethical theory and business; Prentice-Hall

Zwillich, T. (2006): KFC pledges to Fry Chicken Without Trans Fats; WebMD Publishers

Brazil Magazine (2006): Green Peace says KFC's Secret Ingredients Include Soy That's Destroying the Amazon; Brazil Magazine, 2nd June

The New Zealand Herald (2005): KFC staff to strike; New Zealand Herald, 16th June

Montgomery, D. (2003): Small But Mighty Rights Group Tries Gentler Approach; The Chicago Tribune, 28th October

Howell, W. (2000): Power to the People; QSR Magazine, 13th September

About the Author

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What are the names of ALL the series' Carolyn Keene has written?

Just Carolyn Keene not whats-his-face Dixon who wrote Hardy Boys.

Carolyn Keene was a name chosen for a group of authors to write under. The authors are Mildred Benson, Harriet Adams, Leslie MacFarlane, James Duncan Lawrence, Walter Karig, Nancy Axelrod, Priscilla Doll, Charles Strong, Alma Sasse, Wilhelmina Rankin, George Waller Jr., Margaret Scherf, and Susan Wittig Albert.
Nancy Drew and The Dana Girls mysteries were the 2 series written under this pseudonym.

The Secret of Carolyn Keene~ NHD 2009